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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestift</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия физико-технических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physical-technical series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8358</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-244X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8358-2019-64-4-406-412</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestift-534</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ, МЕТАЛЛУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIALS SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING, METALLURGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Литые катоды и мишени системы Al–Cr–Nb–Si для нанесения упрочняющих нитридных покрытий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cast cathodes and targets of Al–Cr–Nb–Si system for deposition of hardening nitride coatings</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волочко</surname><given-names>А. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volochko</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волочко Александр Тихонович – доктор технических наук, профессор, начальник отдела.</p><p>ул. Академика Купревича, 10, 220141</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander T. Volochko – D. Sc. (Engineering), Professor, Department Head.</p><p>10, Academician Kuprevich Str., 220141, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volochkoat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марков</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markov</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марков Геннадий Васильевич – кандидат технических наук, главный научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. Академика Купревича, 10, 220141</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennady V. Markov – Ph. D. (Engineering), Senior Researcher.</p><p>10, Academician Kuprevich Str., 220141, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельник</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnik</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мельник Наталья Юрьевна – научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. Академика Купревича, 10, 220141</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia Yu. Melnik – Researcher.</p><p>10, Academician Kuprevich Str., 220141, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bukato_n@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Физико-технический институт Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Physical-Technical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>406</fpage><lpage>412</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волочко А.Т., Марков Г.В., Мельник Н.Ю., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волочко А.Т., Марков Г.В., Мельник Н.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volochko A.T., Markov G.V., Melnik N.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestift.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/534">https://vestift.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/534</self-uri><abstract><p>Описан метод определения эвтектических составов трех- и четырехкомпонентных систем для получения катодов и мишеней методом литья. Проведен расчет эвтектических составов сплавов в тройных системах Al–Nb–Si, Cr–Nb–Si и четверной системы Al–Cr–Nb–Si. Методом литья в вакуумной индукционной печи получен катод состава, близкого к эвтектическому, а именно (68Al8Cr4Nb20Si) ат.%. Исследована микроструктура, элементный и фазовый состав материала катода. Температура плавления сплава была определена методом ДСК (дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии) и составила 570 °С. Представлены результаты исследования упрочняющих нитридных покрытий Al–Cr–Nb–Si–N, полученных методом вакуумного катодно-дугового осаждения в атмосфере азота. В качестве катода использовался разработанный сплав. Установлена зависимость микротвердости покрытий от давления азота. С увеличением давления азота микротвердость покрытий увеличивалась от 15 ГПа при Разота = 1 · 10–2 Па до 30 ГПа при Разота = 7 · 10–2 Па, а затем снижалась до 20 ГПа. Исследован фазовый состав покрытий. Во всех образцах присутствуют фазы AlN, NbN, Si3N4. Коэффициент трения покрытий, полученных при давлении азота (1–50) · 10–2 Па, стабилизировался на уровне 0,75–0,8. Литой катод (68Al8Cr4Nb20Si) ат.% может быть альтернативой для замены используемых в настоящее время порошковых и составных катодов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article describes a method for determining eutectic compositions of 3- and 4-component systems for obtaining cathodes and targets by casting. The eutectic compositions of the alloys in the ternary systems Al–Nb–Si, Cr–Nb–Si and the 4-component system Al–Cr–Nb–Si are calculated. The cathode of the eutectic composition (68Al8Cr4Nb20Si) at.%. was obtained by casting in a vacuum-induction furnace. The microstructure of the cathode material is investigated. Phase and elemental analysis are performed. The melting point of the alloy is determined by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) and is 570 °C. The results of the research of hardening nitride coatings obtained by vacuum arc deposition in a nitrogen atmosphere are presented. The developed alloy of the Al–Cr–Nb–Si system of eutectic composition, namely (68Al8Cr4Nb20Si) at.% is used as a cathode. The dependence of the microhardness of the coatings on the pressure of nitrogen is determined. The microhardness of the coatings obtained at nitrogen pressure of 7 · 10–2 Pa reached 30 GPa. The phase composition of the coatings is investigated. All samples contain AlN, NbN, Si3N4 phases. The coefficient of friction of these coatings is 0.75–0.8. Cast cathode (68Al8Cr4Nb20Si) at.% can be an alternative to replace the currently used powder and composite cathodes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>катод</kwd><kwd>мишень</kwd><kwd>эвтектические составы сплавов</kwd><kwd>упрочняющее покрытие</kwd><kwd>микротвердость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cathode</kwd><kwd>target</kwd><kwd>eutectic compositions of alloys</kwd><kwd>hardening coating</kwd><kwd>microhardness</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Different approaches to superhard coatings and nanocomposites / S. Veprek [et al.] // Thin Solid Films. – 2005. – Vol. 476, iss. 1. – P. 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2004.10.053</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Veprek S., Veprek-Heijman M. G. J., Karvankova P., Prochazka J. Different approaches to superhard coatings and nanocomposites. 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