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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestift</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия физико-технических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physical-technical series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8358</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-244X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8358-2019-64-4-477-484</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestift-558</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА И БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ И ПРИРОДНЫХ СИСТЕМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSTICS AND SAFETY OF TECHNICAL AND ENVIRONMENT SYSTEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Идентификация радионуклидов в воде контура охлаждения циклотрона Cyclon 18/9-HC</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identification of radionuclides in cooling circuit of Cyclone 18/9-HC</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малиборский</surname><given-names>А. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maliborskiy</surname><given-names>A. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малиборский Артем Ярославович – техник-лаборант.</p><p>223040, а/г Лесной-2, Минский р-н</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artyom Ya. Maliborskiy – Laboratory Technician.</p><p>223040, a/g Lesnoi-2, Minsk District</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">che.malibors@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тылец</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tylets</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тылец Павел Валентинович – инженер по радиационному и дозиметрическому контролю.</p><p>223040, а/г Лесной-2, Минский р-н</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel V. Tylets – Engineer for radiation and dosimetry monitoring.</p><p>223040, a/g Lesnoi-2, Minsk District</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">5472469@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бринкевич</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brinkevich</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бринкевич Дмитрий Иванович – кандидат физико-математических наук, инженер по учету и хранению ядерных и радиоактивных материалов; ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>223040, а/г Лесной-2, Минский р-н; пр. Независимости, 4, 220030, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii I. Brinkevich – Ph. D. (Physics and Mathematics), Engineer for the registration and storage of nuclear and radioactive materials; Leading Researcher.</p><p>223040, a/g Lesnoi-2, Minsk District; 4, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220030, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бринкевич</surname><given-names>С. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brinkevich</surname><given-names>S. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бринкевич Святослав Дмитриевич – кандидат химических наук, заведующий изотопной циклотронно-радиохимической лабораторией отделения позитронно-эмиссионной томографии; доцент.</p><p>223040, а/г Лесной-2, Минский р-н; пр. Независимости, 4, 220030, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svyatoslav D. Brinkevich – Ph. D. (Chemistry), Head of Cyclotron-Radiochemistry Laboratory;  Associate Professor.</p><p>223040, a/g Lesnoi-2, Minsk District; 4, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220030, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синайко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinaiko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Cинайко Валерий Васильевич – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением позитронно-эмиссионной томографии.</p><p>223040, а/г Лесной-2, Минский р-н</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valerii V. Sinaiko – Ph. D. (Medicine), Head of PositronEmission Tomography Division.</p><p>223040, a/g Lesnoi-2, Minsk District</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр онкологии и медицинской радиологии имени Н. Н. Александрова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр онкологии и медицинской радиологии имени Н. Н. Александрова; Белорусский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus ; Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>477</fpage><lpage>484</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Малиборский А.Я., Тылец П.В., Бринкевич Д.И., Бринкевич С.Д., Синайко В.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Малиборский А.Я., Тылец П.В., Бринкевич Д.И., Бринкевич С.Д., Синайко В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Maliborskiy A.Y., Tylets P.V., Brinkevich D.I., Brinkevich S.D., Sinaiko V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestift.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/558">https://vestift.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/558</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучены закономерности изменения мощности дозы фотонного излучения от системы водного охлаждения ускорителя Cyclone 18/9-HC при производстве позитрон-излучающих радионуклидов. Показано, что основной реакцией активации воды контура охлаждения циклотрона при производстве 18F является реакция (n, p), в результате которой из 16О образуется 16N с периодом полураспада 7 с. В водных мишенях с большой накопленной дозой, когда пучок частично бьет в тело мишени, протекают ядерные реакции, индуцированные протонами: 16О(p, α)11С и 18О(p, n)18F. Анионы фторида 18F–, карбоната 11СО32– и гидрокарбоната Н11СО3 –, которые образуются в реакциях активации с участием протонов, в процессе циркуляции воды осаждаются на ионно-обменной смоле, что приводит к очистке контура охлаждения от указанных радионуклидов. При облучении газовой мишени не происходит активации воды контура охлаждения. Среднегодовая дозовая нагрузка оператора циклотрона от продуктов активации в контуре охлаждения эквивалентна менее 1 % от предельной годовой дозы персонала от техногенных источников излучения. Для снижения дозовой нагрузки на операторов рекомендуется максимально сокращать продолжительность пребывания персонала на расстоянии менее 1 м от теплообменника во время наработки 18F. При эксплуатации водных мишеней с набранной дозой свыше 2500 мкА · ч профилактическое обслуживание системы охлаждения желательно проводить не ранее, чем через 30 с после окончания облучения, и обязательно после дозиметрического контроля. С целью снижения активации примесей необходимо использовать в контуре охлаждения только деионизованную воду, а в случае увеличения ее удельной проводимости из-за коррозии – своевременно менять.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the present work the patterns of relationship of photonic radiation dose rate from Cyclone 18/9HC water cooling system were studied at production of positron-emitting nuclides. Reaction (n, p) was shown to be the main source of activation nuclides in cyclotron cooling water at 18F production, resulting in formation of 16N (T1/2 = 7 s) from 16О. In water targets with high accumulated dose, when beam partially irradiates a target body, proton-induced reactions: 16О(p, α)11С and 18О(p, n)18F take place. Fluoride 18F–, carbonate 11СО32– and hydrocarbonate Н11СО3– anions, formed in proton-induced activation reactions, efficiently precipitate on anion-exchanging resin during water circulation resulting in circuit purification from the named radionuclides. Activation of cooling water does not occur at irradiation of gas targets. Projected annual dose for cyclotron operator from cooling water activation is less than 1 % of annual dose limit for personnel from technogeneous radioactive sources. In order to minimize operator`s accumulated doses it is recommended to decrease the duration of personnel activities at the distance less than 1 meter from heat exchanger during 18F production. At operation of water targets with absorbed dose higher than 2500 μA·h it is desirable to conduct the preventive maintenance of water cooling system not earlier than in half an hour after the end of irradiation and with mandatory dosimetry control. To decrease the activation of impurities it is essential to use only deionized water in cooling circuit. In case of its specific conductivity increase due to corrosion the coolant should be replaced promptly.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>циклотрон</kwd><kwd>система охлаждения</kwd><kwd>18F</kwd><kwd>радионуклиды</kwd><kwd>активация</kwd><kwd>позитронно-эмиссионная томография (ПЭТ)</kwd><kwd>радиационная безопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cyclotron</kwd><kwd>water cooling system</kwd><kwd>18F</kwd><kwd>radionuclides</kwd><kwd>activation</kwd><kwd>positron emission tomography (PET)</kwd><kwd>radiation safety</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Radionuclide impurities in proton-irradiated [18O]H2O for the production of 18F−: Activities and distribution in the [18F]FDG synthesis process / L. Bowden [et al.] // Appl. Radiat. 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