vestiftИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия физико-технических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physical-technical series1561-83582524-244XThe Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1561-8358-2023-68-3-183-195vestift-806Research ArticleМАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ, МЕТАЛЛУРГИЯMATERIALS SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING, METALLURGYНовые композиционные материалы для защиты от гамма-излученияNew composite materials for protection against gamma radiationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9774-8522ТишкевичД. И.TishkevichD. I.

Тишкевич Дарья Ивановна, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории физики магнитных пленок

ул. П. Бровки, 19, 220072, Минск

Daria I. Tishkevich, Cand. Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Assistant Professor, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Physics of Magnetic Films

19, P. Brovka Str., 220072, Minsk

dashachushkova@gmail.comГерманС. А.GermanS. A.

Герман Степан Алексеевич, лаборант лаборатории физики магнитных пленок

ул. П. Бровки, 19, 220072, Минск

Stepan A. German, Laboratory Assistant of the Laboratory of Physics of Magnetic Films

19, P. Brovka Str., 220072, Minsk

stepangrmn@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1900-0564ЖелудкевичА. Л.ZhaludkevichА. L.

Желудкевич Александр Ларионович, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией физики магнитных материалов

ул. П. Бровки, 19, 220072, Минск

Aliaksandr L. Zhaludkevich, Cand. Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Assistant Professor, Head of Laboratory of Physics of Magnetic Materials

19, P. Brovka Str., 220072, Minsk

zheludkevich27@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7748-5443ВершининаТ. Н.VershininaT. N.

Вершинина Татьяна Николаевна, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории нейтронной физики им. И. М. Франка

ул. Жолио-Кюри, 6, 141980, Дубна

ул. Университетская, 19, 141982, Дубна

Tatiana N. Vershinina, Cand. Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Assistant Professor, Senior Researcher at Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics

6, Joliot-Curie Str., 141980, Dubna

19, Universitetskaya Str., 141982, Dubna

vershinina@nf.jinr.ruРотковичА. А.RotkovichA. A.

Роткович Анастасия Александровна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории физики магнитных пленок

ул. П. Бровки, 19, 220072, Минск

Anastasia A. Rotkovich, Junior Researcher of the Laboratory of Physics of Magnetic Films

19, P. Brovka Str., 220072, Minsk

rottkovich@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4126-5294БондарукА. А.BondarukA. A.

Бондарук Анастасия Александровна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории физики магнитных пленок

ул. П. Бровки, 19, 220072, Минск

Anastasia A. Bondaruk, Junior Researcher of the Laboratory of Physics of Magnetic Films

19, P. Brovka Str., 220072, Minsk

bondaruk625@gmail.comЛеончикС. В.LeonchikS. V.

Леончик Сергей Викентьевич, кандидат физико-математических наук, заведующий лабораторией тугоплавкой керамики и наноматериалов

ул. П. Бровки, 19, 220072, Минск

Sergey V. Leonchik, Cand. Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Head of the Laboratory of Refractory Ceramics and Nanomaterials

19, P. Brovka Str., 220072, Minsk

leonchik@physics.byУрбановичВ. С.UrbanovichV. S.

Урбанович Владимир Степанович, кандидат физико-математических наук, ведущий научны сотрудник лаборатории тугоплавкой керамики и наноматериалов

ул. П. Бровки, 19, 220072, Минск

Vladimir S. Urbanovich, Cand. Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Leading Researcher of the Refractory Ceramics and Nanomaterials Center

19, P. Brovka Str., 220072, Minsk

urban@physics.byДашкевичЕ. С.DashkevichE. S.

Дашкевич Елена Сергеевна, научный сотрудник лаборатории физики магнитных пленок

ул. П. Бровки, 19, 220072, Минск

Elena S. Dashkevich, Researcher of the Laboratory of Physics of Magnetic Films

19, P. Brovka Str., 220072, Minsk

gramovich5@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3430-9578ТрухановА. В.TrukhanovA. V.

Труханов Алексей Валентинович, доктор физико-математических наук, доцент, заместитель генерального директора

ул. П. Бровки, 19, 220072, Минск

Alex V. Trukhanov, Dr. Sci. (Physics and Mathematics), Assistant Professor, Deputy General Director

19, P. Brovka Str., 220072, Minsk

truhanov86@mail.ruНаучно-практический центр Национальной академии наук Беларуси по материаловедениюScientific and Practical Material Research Center of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusОбъединенный институт ядерных исследований ; Университет «Дубна»Joint Institute for Nuclear Research ; University “Dubna”202302102023683183195Copyright © Тишкевич Д.И., Герман С.А., Желудкевич А.Л., Вершинина Т.Н., Роткович А.А., Бондарук А.А., Леончик С.В., Урбанович В.С., Дашкевич Е.С., Труханов А.В., 20232023Тишкевич Д.И., Герман С.А., Желудкевич А.Л., Вершинина Т.Н., Роткович А.А., Бондарук А.А., Леончик С.В., Урбанович В.С., Дашкевич Е.С., Труханов А.В.Tishkevich D.I., German S.A., Zhaludkevich А.L., Vershinina T.N., Rotkovich A.A., Bondaruk A.A., Leonchik S.V., Urbanovich V.S., Dashkevich E.S., Trukhanov A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestift.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/806

В качестве защиты от ионизирующего излучения предложен новый композиционный материал системы W–Bi2O3. Представлена усовершенствованная методика горячего изостатического прессования для получения композиционных материалов. Длительность спекания в условиях высокого давления и температуры составила 3 мин. Исследование микроструктуры и химического состава образцов композитов W–Bi2O3 проводили с использованием сканирующей электронной микроскопии и рентгеновской энергодисперсионной спектроскопии соответственно. Оценку плотности полученных материалов осуществляли с помощью метода Архимеда. Наиболее плотными оказались образцы, полученные при давлении 5 ГПа и температурах 25 и 500 °C, плотность которых составила 18,10 и 17,85 г/см3 соответственно. Установлено, что воздействие высоких температур в процессе спекания негативно сказывается как на микроструктуре, так и на плотности образцов из-за протекания окислительно-восстановительной реакции, сопровождающейся восстановлением Bi и окислением W. Результаты исследования структуры композиционных материалов системы W–Bi2O3 методом рентгеноструктурного анализа показали, что все образцы включают основную объемно-центрированную фазу W, а наличие фазы WO2 отмечается лишь при увеличении температуры синтеза до 850 °С, что подтверждается возникновением рефлексов 111 и 22-2. Проведено исследование эффективности экранирования композиционных материалов от гамма-излучения с помощью программного комплекса Phy-X/PSD. В качестве источника гамма-квантов использовали Co60 с энергией 0,826–2,506 МэВ. Результаты моделирования были сравнены с расчетами для Pb и Bi. Определены основные параметры: линейный коэффициент ослабления, длина свободного пробега и слой половинного ослабления. Результаты расчета показали, что композит системы W–Bi2O3 по своим экранирующим свойствам превосходит Pb и Bi, что делает его перспективным для использования в качестве материала радиационной защиты.

A new composite material of W–Bi2O3 system is proposed as a protection against ionizing radiation. An improved method of hot isostatic pressing for the preparation of composite materials is proposed. The duration of sintering under conditions of high pressure and temperature was 3 minutes. The study of the morphology and chemical composition of W–Bi2O3 composites was carried out using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy respectively. The density evaluation of the obtained materials was carried out using the Archimedes’ method. The densest samples were obtained at a pressure of 5 GPa and temperatures of 25 and 500 °C, the density of which was 18.10 and 17.85 g/cm3, respectively. It is shown that exposure to high temperatures during sintering adversely affects both the microstructure and density of the samples due to the redox reaction accompanied by the reduction of Bi and the oxidation of W. The results of studying the W–Bi2O3 structure by X-ray diffraction analysis showed that all samples include the main body-centered phase W, and the presence of the WO2 phase is noted only when the sintering temperature is increased to 850 °C, which is confirmed by the appearance of reflections 111 and 22-2. Shielding effectiveness of the W–Bi2O3 composite materials from gamma radiation using the Phy-X/PSD software was evaluated. Co60 with an energy of 0.826–2.506 MeV was used as a source of gamma quanta. The simulation results were compared with the calculations for Pb and Bi. Key parameters such as linear attenuation coefficient, mean free path and half value layer are determined. The calculation results showed that the W–Bi2O3 composite surpasses Pb and Bi in its shielding properties, which makes it promising for use as a radiation shielding material.

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