vestiftИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия физико-технических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physical-technical series1561-83582524-244XThe Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1561-8358-2024-69-2-106-113vestift-836Research ArticleЭНЕРГЕТИКА, ТЕПЛО- И МАССООБМЕНPOWER ENGINEERING, HEAT AND MASS TRANSFERТермодинамическое моделирование формирования карбида кремния в процессе Ачесона в нестехиометрических смесяхThermodynamic modeling of silicon carbide formation during the Acheson process in non-stoichiometric mixtureshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4210-0267ЩербаковаВ. Б.ShcherbakovaV. B.

Щербакова Валентина Борисовна – младший научный сотрудник

ул. П. Бровки, 15, 220072, Минск

Valentina B. Shcherbakova – Junior Researcher

15, P. Brovka Str., Minsk, 220072

valya1998@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4124-3186ГринчукП. С.GrinchukP. S.

Гринчук Павел Семенович – член-корреспондент Национальной академии наук Беларуси, доктор физико-математических наук, заведующий отделением теплофизики

ул. П. Бровки, 15, 220072, Минск

Pavel S. Grinchuk – Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Dr. Sci (Physics and Mathematics), Head of the Thermophysics Department

15, P. Brovka Str., Minsk, 220072

gps@hmti.ac.byИнститут тепло- и массообмена имени А. В. Лыкова Национальной академии наук БеларусиA. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus202409072024692106113Copyright © Щербакова В.Б., Гринчук П.С., 20242024Щербакова В.Б., Гринчук П.С.Shcherbakova V.B., Grinchuk P.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestift.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/836

Представлен краткий обзор и критическая оценка литературных данных, касающихся механизма карботермического восстановления оксида кремния. Для разрешения разночтений в данных о количестве химических реакций и ключевых промежуточных веществах в процессе Ачесона в работах различных авторов было проведено термодинамическое моделирование состава продуктов карботермического восстановления оксида кремния (IV) при общем давлении 1 бар. Определено, что среди промежуточных веществ отсутствуют CO2 и Si при температурах, близких к температуре образования карбида кремния (от 1520 до ~ 2500 °С). Из нескольких десятков возможных реакций были выделены две доминирующие реакции, приводящие к образованию карбида кремния. Обнаружено влияние температуры реагентов в диапазоне от 1000 до 3000 °С, их локального окружения и отклонения от стехиометрии исходной смеси на состав продуктов реакции. Установлена существенная асимметрия при небольших отклонениях состава шихты от стехиометрии: локальный избыток оксида кремния (IV) на уровне нескольких массовых процентов приводит к увеличению потерь SiC в 10–16 раз большему, чем аналогичный по величине локальный избыток углерода. Полученные новые данные объясняют некоторые эмпирические наблюдения и упрощают физико-химическое моделирование процесса Ачесона.

A brief review and critical evaluation of the literature related to the mechanism of carbothermic reduction of silicon oxide is presented. To resolve the contradictions in the literature data about the number of chemical reactions and key intermediate substances during the Acheson process, thermodynamic modeling of products of carbothermic reduction of silicon (IV) oxide at 1 bar total pressure was carried out. It was determined that CO2 and Si were absent among the intermediates at temperatures close to the silicon carbide formation temperature (from 1520 to ~2500 °С). Out of several dozen possible reactions, the two dominant reactions that result in the formation of silicon carbide in the Acheson process were identified. The effect of reagents temperature from 1000 to 3000 °С, bulk and local deviation from stoichiometry of the initial mixture on the composition of the reaction products was discovered. Obtained new data explains some empirical observations and greatly simplifies the physicochemical modeling of the Acheson process.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.